1. ECJ, Case 79/85 D.H.M. Segers v. Bestuur van de Bedrijfsvereniging voor Bank- en Verzekeringswezen, Groothandel en Vrije Beroepen [1986] ECR 2375 (hereinafter, Segers); ECJ, Case C-212/97 Centros Ltd v. Erhvervs- og Selskabsstyrelsen [1999] ECR I-1459 (hereinafter, Centros); ECJ, Case C-208/00 Überseering BV v. Nordic Construction Company Baumanagement GmbH [2002] ECR I-9919 (hereinafter, Überseering); ECJ, Case C-167/01 Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken voor Amsterdam v. Inspire Art Ltd [2003] ECR I-10155 (hereinafter, Inspire Art); ECJ, Case C-411/03 SEVIC System AG [2005] ECR I-10805 (hereinafter, Sevic).
2. ECJ, Case 81/87 The Queen v. H.M. Treasury and Commissioners of Inland Revenue ex parte Daily Mail and General Trust plc [1998] ECR 5483 (hereinafter, Daily Mail).
3. See S. Rammeloo, Corporations in Private International Law: A European Perspective (Oxford, Oxford University Press 2003) p. 4 et seq.
4. Indeed, a French société anonyme is a company ‘type’ that can be considered analogous to the Italian società per azioni. Of course, an Italian company can decide to become a different ‘type’ of company under the new applicable law, but national company law should require that this is made the object of an express decision.
5. Under the new applicable company law, the question arises whether any amendment to the memorandum of associations is compatible with mandatory substantive law of the country of incorporation.