Glaciological Investigations of the Tropical Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru

Abstract

AbstractGlaciological results of the continuing investigations of the Quelccaya ice cap located at lat. 13° 56’ S., long. 70° 50’ W., in the Cordillera Oriental of southern Peru are presented. Ice cores to a depth of 15 m have been retrieved from the summit dome (5650 m), middle dome (5543 m), and south dome (5480 m) and sampled in detail for microparticle, oxygen-isotope, and total-β-activity measurements. Results of these core analyses indicate that although the summit of this ice cap is only 300 m above the annual snow line and the firn is temperate, an interpretable stratigraphic record is preserved. The marked seasonal ice stratigraphy is produced by the marked seasonal variation in regional precipitation. High concentrations of microparticles andβ- radioactive material occur during the dry season (May-August). Microparticles deposited during the rainy season are larger than those deposited during the dry season. On the Quelccaya ice cap the most negativeδ18O values occur during the warmer rainy season (the opposite occurs in polar regions). The near-surface meanδvalue of – 21‰ is remarkably low for this tropical site where the measured mean annual air temperature is –3°CThe seasonality of the microparticles, totalβactivity, and isotope ratios offers the prospect of a climatic ice-core record from this tropical ice cap.