1. Enstitüsü Devlet İstatistik , Nüfusun Sosyal ve Ekonomik Nitelikleri, 71, 32, and 59
2. The overlord state: Turkish policy and the Kurdish issue
3. Shorter and Macura , Türkiye'de Nü/us Artişt, 77, 101
4. Maillat D. , “Long Term Aspects of International Migration Flows,” in The Experience of European Receiving Countries, OECD, 47
5. One scholar observed that the fertility rates of Turkish emigrants were 2.6 to 3.2 times higher than that of the Germans during 1975–1981