The Three Systems of Man

Abstract

Viewing Planet Earth from the standpoint of modern life as a whole, we recognize three main systems, namely The Biosphere, the sociosphere, and the technosphere, although some authorities prefer to consider the two lastmentioned as forming together a so-called ‘noosphere’ or sphere of human influence. Thus we have The Biosphere, constituting the sphere containing life so far up and down as any form of it exists naturally, the technosphere, constituting the Man-made system of structures set within the space of The Biosphere, and the sociosphere, which is commonly defined as the sphere of Man's influence, and is the Man-engendered system of non-structures (institutions, organizations, movements, etc.) that Man has developed in managing his Biospheral relationships and those with the other two systems.