Studies on air-borne virus infections: I. Experimental technique and preliminary observations on influenza and infectious ectromelia

Abstract

1. A method is described for the experimental investigation of aerosol systems formed by the atomization of suspensions of viruses into the atmosphere. Observations on the physical properties of such systems have been made, and an experimental approach found to certain practical problems connected with air-borne virus infections, particularly counter measures involving the use of ultra-violet light and aerosols of chemical antiseptics.2. Mice, placed in an atmosphere into which the respective virus had been atomized, have contracted the diseases of influenza and infectious ectromelia in a manner closely analogous to naturally occurring air-borne infection.3. The infection resulting from the inhalation of virus is described. The suggestion is made that this method of infection may be used with advantage (a)in studying in detail the histology of lung lesions, and (b) in obtaining more uniform infection of large batches of mice.4. The two methods of experimental infection, (i) intranasal instillation under anaesthesia, and (ii) normal inhalation, have been compared and contrasted. It is deduced from the evidence available that as little as 1 % only of the virus may reach the lungs of mice breathing normally in an atmosphere containing dispersed nuclei of influenza virus.We gratefully acknowledge the assistance we have received from Miss Dora Lush.