Influence of herbicides on germination and quality of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) seed

Author:

Moore Levi D.ORCID,Jennings Katherine M.,Monks David W.,Leon Ramon G.,Boyette Michael D.,Jordan David L.

Abstract

AbstractLaboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of chemical treatments applied to Palmer amaranth seeds or gynoecious plants that retain seeds to determine seed germination and quality. Treatments applied to physiologically mature Palmer amaranth seed included acifluorfen, dicamba, ethephon, flumioxazin, fomesafen, halosulfuron, linuron, metribuzin, oryzalin, pendimethalin, pyroxasulfone, S-metolachlor, saflufenacil, trifluralin, and 2,4-D plus crop oil concentrate applied at 1× and 2× the suggested use rates from the manufacturer. Germination was reduced by 20% when 2,4-D was used, 15% when dicamba was used, and 13% when halosulfuron and pyroxasulfone were used. Use of dicamba, ethephon, halosulfuron, oryzalin, trifluralin, and 2,4-D resulted in decreased seedling length by an average of at least 50%. Due to the observed effect of dicamba, ethephon, halosulfuron, oryzalin, trifluralin, and 2,4-D, these treatments were applied to gynoecious Palmer amaranth inflorescence at the 2× registered application rates to evaluate their effects on progeny seed. Dicamba use resulted in a 24% decrease in seed germination, whereas all other treatment results were similar to those of the control. Crush tests showed that seed viability was greater than 95%, thus dicamba did not have a strong effect on seed viability. No treatments applied to Palmer amaranth inflorescence affected average seedling length; therefore, chemical treatments did not affect the quality of seeds that germinated.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science

Reference28 articles.

1. Sarangi, D , Werner, KM , Pilipovic, B , Dotray, PA , Bagavathiannan, MV (2020) Impact of cotton desiccants on seed viability of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Page 236 in 2020 Proceedings of the Weed Science Society of America. Maui, Hawaii, March 2–5, 2020

2. Growth analysis of fourAmaranthusspecies

3. Effect of single or sequential POST herbicide applications on seed production and viability of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in dicamba- and glyphosate-resistant soybean

4. Seed Retention of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Soybean

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