Height differences and the associations between food insecurity, percentage body fat and BMI among men and women

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined the associations between adult food insecurity (FI) and percentage body fat (%BF) and BMI, stratified by height (HT).Design, setting and subjects%BF, HT and BMI of 2117 men and 1909 women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002 were analysed in relation to adult food security status using multiple regression procedures.ResultsCompared with the fully food-secure, men’s %BF, BMI and HT were lower as FI intensified. Marginal food security among women was associated with 1·3 cm shorter HT, P = 0·016. Marginal food security among women who were below median HT was associated with about 2·0 kg/m2 higher BMI, P = 0·042. %BF was not associated with FI among women.ConclusionsFI is associated with shorter HT and lower %BF and BMI in men. Women’s HT should be considered in the reported associations between FI and higher BMI.