Postnatal intestinal development

Abstract

AbstractEarly postnatal intestinal development involves the preparation of the intestinal epithelium for extrauterine life when maternal secretions provide the sole nutrient source. A further shift in the digestive capability of the epithelium occurs later in development with the introduction of complex solid foods. Ontogenesis involves extensive epithelial cell proliferation and cytodifferentiation including changes in the expression of enzymes, receptors and transport systems and is regulated through the interaction of endogenous and exogenous factors. The mucosal epithelium plays a key rôle in the reception and transmisson of these trophic signals. In particular, the interplay between dietary constituents and microvillar membranes exerts profound influence on intestinal development and adaptation during the postnatal period.