1. The eight provinces are Heilungkiang, Kirin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Kansu, Ningsia, Tsinghai, and Sinkiang.
2. The United Nations Population Division does not publish separate estimates of the population of the People's Republic of China and of Taiwan. It projects the population of the People's Republic, adds a figure for Taiwan based on current official data from Taipei, and publishes the combined total as the population of “China.” This procedure admittedly is followed for “political” reasons. The most recent United Nations medium model estimate for Taiwan and the People's Republic combined as of mid-year 1976 is 852,565,000. If the Foreign Demographic Analysis Division's estimate of 16,286,000 for Taiwan as of mid-year 1976 is subtracted from the United Nations combined total, the figure for the People's Republic is 836,279,000. The United Nations figure is given in Population Division, Department of Economic, and Social Affairs, United Nations Secretariat, “Single-year population estimates and projections for major areas, regions, and countries of the world, 1950–2000,” 6 October 1975, p. 10.
3. Chung-kuo ti-t'u ts'e (Atlas of China) (Sian(?): People's Printing Plant, 3rd edition, March 1976). (Compiled by Ti-t'u ch'u-pan she.)
4. “What's new in China?”;Joan Robinson;Eastern Horizon,1965