Convergence of Achlioptas Processes via Differential Equations with Unique Solutions

Abstract

In Achlioptas processes, starting from an empty graph, in each step two potential edges are chosen uniformly at random, and using some rule one of them is selected and added to the evolving graph. The evolution of the rescaled size of the largest component in such variations of the Erdős–Rényi random graph process has recently received considerable attention, in particular for Bollobás's ‘product rule’. In this paper we establish the following result for rules such as the product rule: the limit of the rescaled size of the ‘giant’ component exists and is continuous provided that a certain system of differential equations has a unique solution. In fact, our result applies to a very large class of Achlioptas-like processes.Our proof relies on a general idea which relates the evolution of stochastic processes to an associated system of differential equations. Provided that the latter has a unique solution, our approach shows that certain discrete quantities converge (after appropriate rescaling) to this solution.