1. See The End and Beyond (n. 1 above). I am most grateful to John Carey for his help with the linguistic dating of the text. On the historical development of the Irish language, see Russell Paul , “‘What was Best of Every Language’: The Early History of the Irish Language,” in A New History of Ireland, 1, Prehistoric and Early Ireland , ed. Cróinín Dáibhí Ó (Oxford, 2005), 405–50.
2. Wright , “Three Utterances Apocryphon” (n. 11 above), 80.
3. Willard , Two Apocrypha (n. 19 above), 145. See also Willard , “The Latin Texts” (n. 18 above), 157. Also, Kabir has noted the strong Insular manuscript tradition of The Three Utterances sermons; see Paradise, Death and Doomsday (n. 19 above), 51. On the close connections and interaction between the Irish and the Old English traditions, see Wright Charles D. , “The Irish Tradition,” in A Companion to Anglo-Saxon Literature , ed. Pulsiano Phillip and Treharne Elaine (Oxford, 2001), 345–74, on the accounts of departing souls especially 348.
4. The text survives in two eighth-century manuscripts, one in Munich (Clm 6433) and the other in Zurich (Zentralbibliothek Rheinau 140). For a chronological list of the manuscripts, see Wright , “Latin Analogue” (n. 11 above). See also Wright , “Three Utterances” (n. 11 above), 82.
5. “Textes irlandais sur saint Grégoire le Grand,”;Grosjean;Revue celtique,1932