Author:
Blackstone K.,Moore D.J.,Heaton R.K.,Franklin D.R.,Woods S.P.,Clifford D.B.,Collier A.C.,Marra C.M.,Gelman B.B.,McArthur J.C.,Morgello S.,Simpson D.M.,Rivera-Mindt M.,Deutsch R.,Ellis R.J.,Hampton Atkinson J.,Grant I.
Abstract
AbstractThree types of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) exist that are distinguished by presence and severity of impairment in cognitive and everyday functioning. Although well-validated neurocognitive measures exist, determining impairment in everyday functioning remains a challenge. We aim to determine whether Self-Report measures of everyday functioning are as effective in characterizing HAND as Performance-Based measures. We assessed 674 HIV-infected participants with a comprehensive neurocognitive battery; 233 met criteria for a HAND diagnosis by having at least mild neurocognitive impairment. Functional decline was measured via Self-Report and Performance-Based measures. HAND diagnoses were determined according to published criteria using three approaches to assess functional decline: (1) Self-Report measures only, (2) Performance-Based measures only, and (3) Dual-method combining Self-Report and Performance-Based measures. The Dual-method classified the most symptomatic HAND, compared to either singular method. Singular method classifications were 76% concordant with each other. Participants classified as Performance-Based functionally impaired were more likely to be unemployed and more immunosuppressed, whereas those classified as Self-Report functionally impaired had more depressive symptoms. Multimodal methods of assessing everyday functioning facilitate detection of symptomatic HAND. Singular Performance-Based classifications were associated with objective functional and disease-related factors; reliance on Self-Report classifications may be biased by depressive symptoms. (JINS, 2012, 18, 79–88)
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health,Neurology (clinical),Clinical Psychology,General Neuroscience
Cited by
98 articles.
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