Abstract
AbstractObjectives:We quantified the percentage of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) carriers among repatriated patients. We identified factors associated with MDRO carriage, and we evaluated the yield of MDRO detection per screened body site.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:A tertiary-care center in Switzerland.Patients:Adult patients after a stay in a healthcare institution abroad.Methods:Patients were screened for MDRO carriage. Standard sites, including nose and throat, groins, and (since mid-2018) rectum, and risk-based sites (wounds, urine, tracheal secretion) were sampled. MDROs were defined as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)– and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales, and MDR nonfermenting gram-negative rods. Risk factors for MDRO carriage were assessed using multivariate logistic regression.Results:Between May 2017 and April 2019, 438 patients were screened and 107 (24.4%) tested positive for an MDRO, predominantly ESBL-producing and MDR Enterobacterales. Risk factors for MDRO colonization were the length of stay in hospital abroad, antibiotic treatment with ‘Watch’ and ‘Reserve’ antibiotics, and region of hospitalization abroad. Rectal swabs had the highest yield for detecting patients with MDR intestinal bacteria, but nose/throat and groins, or wound samples were more sensitive for MRSA or nonfermenting gram-negative organisms, respectively.Conclusions:We identified risk factors for MDRO carriage and body sites with the highest yield for a specific MDRO, which might help to target screening and isolation and reduce screening costs.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Epidemiology
Reference39 articles.
1. Repatriations and 28-day mortality of ill and injured travellers: 12 years of experience in a Swiss emergency department;Hasler;Swiss Med Wkly,2015
2. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases
3. 2. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. World Health Organization website. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241509763. Published 2015. Accessed October 17, 2021.
4. The global distribution and spread of the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1
5. Multidrug-resistant bacteria in travellers hospitalized abroad: prevalence, characteristics, and influence on clinical outcome