1. Mark Zöller, supra note 7, at 504.
2. Also rightly argued by Sieber, supra note 10, at 362.
3. Verfassungsschutzbericht, supra note 9, at 3. Argumentation reads that the network character functions as the basis for radicalization. The terror attack at Frankfurt Airport in April 2011 is one example, where U.S. soldiers were killed by a single offender, who had been radicalized through such networks.
4. Title of the German offense as translated by Bohlander, supra note 9. See supra Part D. Provisions: What is punishable according to the German Criminal Code?; supra note 31 and accompanying text for a discussion on German 2009 laws of sections 89a, 89b, and 91 of the dStGB.
5. The principle of clarity and definiteness (Bestimmtheitsgrundsatz) is incorporated within Art. 103(2) of the German GG: see supra note 44 at Art. 103(2). It is one of the main principles, especially within criminal law. Laws need to clearly define the grounds and the extent of the crime with all its elements and provide punishment. Also criminal law provisions that only function prospectively by averting danger to public need to contain specific material substance, at least in order to ring-fence developments. This specific material substance is derived from respecting constitutional principles, above all the principle of Bestimmtheitsgrundsatz, in defining the offense of abstract endangerment clearly and with certainty: see Schünemann, supra note 51, at 142 (This is Schünemann's third criterion).