Interpretation of James' Experiments in Plasma Theory of Solar Radar Echoes

Abstract

In the framework of the plasma theory of solar radar echoes results of the known James' experiments such as the values of effective cross-sections, the anisotropy of reflections, the spectrum of reflected signals, the heights of radar scattering and others are explained. In particular in this theory reflection of radar signal with high effective cross-sections (σ = (10 − 100)πR2⊙) occur in processes t + l ⇌ t + l on the Langmuir turbulance generated by Type III electrons at altitudes (1.4—1.6)-R⊙ when electron streams propagate towards the Earth. If the electrons move away from the Earth then the scattering cross-sections due to process t + l ⇌ t + l are small (σ < πR2⊙). Reflections from the heights up to 5R⊙ can occur at scattering of radar wave on the ion-sound turbulance (processes t + s ⇌ t) accompanied the Langmuir turbulance.