The bionomics of Ixodes hexagonus Leach in Britain

Abstract

1. Ixodes hexagonus is a three-host tick.2. The length of the pre-oviposition period is fairly constant at 19° C. in a saturated atmosphere, varying between 12 and 14 days.3. Oviposition takes place as in I. ricinus and, at room temperatures at 18–20° C., R.H. 100%, the number of eggs laid varies from 880 to 1449. Experiments on the effects of different temperatures and humidities on egg-laying are described.4. Eggs hatch in 52–59 days under the conditions stated above.5. The larvae gorge for 3–6 days, the majority becoming replete on the third and fourth days after attachment.6. The metamorphosis of the larva is prolonged by cold conditions and is hastened during warm weather. In a saturated atmosphere at 15, 20, 22 and 25° C., the mean times for moulting are respectively 60, 33, 27 and 23 days.7. The nymphs gorge for 5–7 days, the greater number dropping off between the sixth and seventh days.8. At 18° C. and 100% R. H. moulting of the nymph takes place about 32 days after repletion.9. After metamorphosis the adults rest for 8–12 days, and feeding lasts 8–16 days.