Finite Elements in Time and Space

Abstract

The present paper seeks to apply the ideas of discretisation to time dependent phenomena. As a suitable variational statement we may use Hamilton's principle. In practise this means that the time is discretised into a set of finite elements which are taken to be the same for all structural elements. A finite element in time consists simply of a fixed time interval. In our present discussion we detail in particular the case when at the beginning and end of the time interval the generalised displacements and velocities are given. For dynamic problems this is the minimum of information required, but the technique may easily be extended to account for additional “timewise degrees of freedoms”. Introducing an appropriate interpolation procedure we may obtain the displacement and velocity at any instant of time. It is then possible to carry out in the variational statement the time integration explicitly and to obtain hence a system of linear equations. The method is extremely simple, since the time interpolation of all structural freedoms of an element in space is the same. We also demonstrate that the general case of a multi-degree of freedoms system can be made to depend on the matrices which describe the unidimensional motion of a mass point.