Evaluation of Herbicides in No-tillage Production of Burley Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Abstract

Burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Kentucky 14′) was grown as a no-tillage crop in 1974 and 1975 by planting tobacco directly into an existing stand of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) or rye (Secale cereale L.). Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′bipyridium ion) and glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] were used to kill existing vegetation. Benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine), oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfaniiamide), metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)one], and chlorbromuron [3-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl), 1-methoxy-1-methylurea] were used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds.Glyphosate was generally more effective than paraquat in killing existing vegetation. There was some injury to the tobacco associated with the glyphosate and paraquat treatments, but this was generally confined to those plants which came into contact with the treated herbage. Metribuzin caused severe damage to the tobacco and was discontinued after the first year. Chlorbromuron caused little injury if kept on the surface but injured the tobacco if incorporated by cultivation as in conventional tillage. Benefin and oryzalin caused little or no injury to the tobacco. All four herbicides gave adequate control of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds.