Control of Weeds in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Untilled Stubble with Herbicides

Abstract

Visible wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) injury, delay in bloom date, and yield reduction were observed following herbicide treatments in growing wheat. Protein content and volume weight of winter wheat were not significantly affected by any herbicide treatment. Some treatments reduced annual grass and broadleaf population by 90% or more 6 weeks after spraying and maintained weed control 8 weeks in untilled winter wheat stubble. Effective herbicide treatments that caused the least winter wheat injury in 1977 and 1978 included metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] + alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] at 0.3 + 2.8 kg/ha, metribuzin + oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsufanilamide) at 0.3 + 1.8 kg/ha, metribuzin + pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] at 0.3 + 2.2 kg/ha, metribuzin + SN-533 [N-ethyl-N-propyl-3-(propylsulfonyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide] at 0.3 + 0.8 kg/ha, and R-40244 [1-m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-chloro-4-chloromethyl-2-pyrrolidone] at 1.1 kg/ha. Herbicide treatments that showed the most potential to control annual grass and broadleaf weeds selectively in tillered winter wheat and stubble in 1978 include metribuzin + metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] at 0.3 + 2 kg/ha, metribuzin + oryzalin at 0.3 + 1.4 kg/ha, and metribuzin + pendimethalin at 0.3 + 2 kg/ha.