Phytotoxicity of Herbicides to a Tifgreen Bermudagrass Green

Abstract

A ‘tifgreen’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers.] golf-type green was treated with seven preemergence and one postemergence type herbicides at two rates each for three consecutive years to assess their phytotoxicity. A few herbicides were applied on a second, third, and fourth treatment date during the year with applications made in separate plots. Severe foliage injury occurred the first year with siduron [1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea] while moderate injury occurred with bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil) and DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate); and slight injury occurred with benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine), bensulide [0,0-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide], and terbutol (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-tolyl methylcarbamate). No injury was observed with bandane (polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers) and tri-calcium arsenate. Injury to the bermudagrass in the second year following renewal treatments was severe with siduron and bromacil; moderate with benefin, bandane, DCPA, and terbutol; and slight with bensulide and tri-calcium arsenate. Injury in the third year following repeat applications was severe with siduron, terbutol, bandane, bromacil, benefin, and DCPA; slight to moderate with bensulide, and slight with tri-calcium arsenate. Injury observed the fourth year resulting from residues was moderate with bandane; slight with terbutol, benefin, bensulide, and DCPA; and none with siduron, bromacil, and tri-calcium arsenate.