1. World Bank, Kenya, p. 70, citing Louis de Merode, ‘Civil Service Pay and Employment in Africa: selected implementation experiences’, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC, 1991.
2. The only action the Government took in the face of structural adjustment conditions on public service reform during 1991–3 was to freeze hiring in job groups A—G (resulting in a decline of lower-grade employees of only 1·7 per cent in 1991–2), and to implement limited across-the-board pay increases phased over a three-year period that do not address ‘wage compression’ problems at the upper levels of the public service. An I.M.F. request that the civil service be reduced by 45,000 by the end of November 1993 was countered with an offer of 15,000 that is unlikely to be implemented.
3. ‘Moi Spurns “Dictatorial” Western Donors’, in Financial Times (London), 20 03 1993, p. 3,