Commutative subsemigroups of the composition semigroup of formal power series over an integral domain

Abstract

AbstractLet R be a commutative ring with identity. R[[x]] denotes the ring of formal power series, in which we consider the composition ○, defined by f(x)○g(x)=f(g(x)). This operation is well defined in the subring R+[[x]] of formal power series of positive order. The algebra= 〈R+[[x]], ○〉 is learly a semigroup, which is not commutative for ∣R∣>1. In this paper we consider all those commutative subsemigroups of , which consist of power series of all positive orders, which are called ‘permutable chains’.