1. ‘Abd Al-Rahman İbn 'Abd Allah Sa'di. (2003). Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa’dîs Ta'rikh Al-Sudan Down to 1613 and Other Contemporary Documents. John O. Hunwick (Tran. and ed.). Boston:Brill Press.
2. Abou Obeid el-Bekri. (1857). Description de l'Afrique Septentrionale. (William MacGuckin Slane Çev.). Alger: Publié par Imprimerie du gouvernement.
3. Al Hajj Mahmut Kati. (2011). Ta’rîkh al fattâsh The Timbuktu Chronicles 1493-1599. Christopher Wise (Ed.). New Jersey: Africa Word Press.
4. Barth, H. (1857). Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa, being a journal of Expedition Undertaken Under the Auspices of H.B.M.’s Government in the Years 1849-1855, IV, London:Longman, Brown, Geeen, Longmans, & Roberts Press.
5. Ceran, İ. (2012). Fas Tarihi, Ankara: TTK Yayınları.