Incidence, Distribution, and Determinants of Suicide by Self-Poisoning in two Egyptian Provinces

Abstract

Objectives: Suicide by self-poisoning is a serious public health problem that accounts for global morbidities and mortalities. This work aims to study the incidence, trend, and determinants of suicide by self-poisoning in two Egyptian provinces. Methods: The current study is a bi-designed two-phases observational study carried out in two Egyptian poison control centers including Menoufia Poison Control Center (MPCC) and Tanta Poison Control Center (TPCC). A total of 7,802 patients were enrolled. The first phase of the current study was conducted retrospectively to show the trend of suicide attempts over 2016, 2017, and 2018 when the cases diagnosed as suicide by self-poisoning were extracted from medical record. The second part was conducted prospectively (January 2019-Januaray 2020) among cases of suicide by self-poisoning and accidental poisoning. Results: The current study revealed that incidence of poisoning exposure no matter what its type represented 34.99/100,000 (CI95%: 33.84–36.20) distributed as 28.18/100,000 (CI95%: 27.14–29.26) for suicide by self-poisoning and 6.82/100,000 (6.32–7.36) for accidental poisoning. The suicide by self-poisoning death rate represented 2.08/100,000 (1.90–2.49). The suicide by self-poisoning was significantly associated with young age <25years, low socioeconomic status, being a student or not working. Conclusion: Suicide by self-poisoning shows a continuous increase across time raising a serious concern. Collaborative Efforts are required by to conduct health education and enforce legislation to overcome this serious condition. Keywords: Aluminum phosphide; Egypt; pesticides; self-poisoning; suicide