Association of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with Early Morbidity in Patients of Heart Disease (IHD) Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG)

Abstract

Objective: To find association of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with early morbidity in patients of heart disease(IHD) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) Methodology: In this Prospective Cohort Study conducted at Deptt. of Cardiac Surgery / Punjab Institute of Cardiology(PIC), which is tertiary Cardiac Center in Punjab/Lahore, we enrolled 200 cases(100 exposed and 100 non-exposed) who were undergoing isolated CABG procedure, all cases taking or in need of anti-diabetic agents either pre-operative diagnosis or at admission were classified as DM. The preoperative variables were noted before undergoing surgical operation while operative, and postoperative variables (Renal Dysfunction, bleeding and usage of intra-aortic balloon pump) was collected prospectively recorded. Results: The frequency of post operative complications was recorded as 28%(n=28) in exposed and 10%(n=10) in non-exposed group, R.R was 2.80, p value was 0.002, bleeding in exposed group was 12%(n=12) and 9%(n=9) in non-exposed group, R.R was 1.33, p value was 0.49 whereas usage of intra aortic balloon pump was 16%(n=16) in exposed and 12%(n=12) in non-exposed group, R.R was 1.34, p value was 0.41. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a significant association of DM with early morbidity in patients of IHD undergoing CABG. Keywords: Ischemic heart disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG), early morbidity