THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKING AND LOW BACK PAIN - UP TO DATE 2024

Abstract

The relationship between smoking and lower back pain is a condition whose exact cause is complex and not yet fully understood. Lower back pain can originate from various components of the spine, such as facet joints, ligaments, and intervertebral discs, and typically arises between the ages of 30 and 50. The literature review reveals that risk factors such as age, gender, genetics, and lifestyle are associated with the development of lower back pain, with smoking being a notable factor. Studies show a correlation between smoking and lower back pain, although the evidence is inconsistent. Some research indicates that smoking is associated with a higher risk of lower back pain, especially in young people and those with physically demanding jobs. The meta-analysis suggests that current and former smokers have a higher prevalence of lower back pain compared to non-smokers, and smoking cessation may reduce these effects. Proposed mechanisms include the impact of smoking on the health of intervertebral discs, blood circulation, and increased inflammation. The study concludes that further research is needed to clarify these associations and improve clinical and preventive practices.