HIV prevalence and awareness among adults presenting for enrolment into a study of people at risk for HIV in Kisumu County, Western Kenya

Author:

Sing’oei Valentine,Nwoga ChiakaORCID,Yates Adam,Owuoth John,Otieno June,Broach Erica,Li Qun,Hassen Zebiba,Imbach Michelle,Milazzo Mark,Mebrahtu Tsedal,Robb Merlin L.ORCID,Ake Julie A.,Polyak Christina S.,Crowell Trevor A.ORCID,

Abstract

Introduction Despite declines in new HIV diagnoses both globally and in Kenya, parts of Western Kenya still report high HIV prevalence and incidence. We evaluated HIV prevalence to inform the development of policies for strategic and targeted HIV prevention interventions. Methods Adult participants aged 18–35 years were recruited in Kisumu County and screened for HIV for a prospective HIV incidence cohort. Questionnaires assessed HIV-associated risk behaviors. Participants who tested positive for HIV were disaggregated into groups based on prior knowledge of their HIV status: previously-diagnosed and newly-diagnosed. In separate analyses by prior knowledge, robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with a positive HIV test in each group, as compared to participants without HIV. Results Of 1059 participants tested for HIV, 196 (18.5%) had a positive HIV test. Among PLWH, 78 (39.8%) were newly diagnosed with HIV at screening. After adjusting for other variables, previously-diagnosed HIV was more common among females than males (PR 2.70, 95%CI 1.69–4.28), but there was no observed sex difference in newly-diagnosed HIV prevalence (PR 1.05, 95%CI 0.65–1.69). Previously-diagnosed HIV was also more common among people reporting consistent use of condoms with primary sexual partners as compared to inconsistent condom use (PR 3.19, 95%CI 2.09–4.86), but newly-diagnosed HIV was not associated with such a difference between consistent and inconsistent condom use (PR 0.73, 95%CI 0.25–2.10). Conclusion Prevalence of newly-diagnosed HIV was high, at approximately 8% of participants, and not statistically different between genders, highlighting the need for improved HIV case finding regardless of sex. The higher prevalence of previously-diagnosed HIV in female participants may reflect higher rates of HIV testing through more encounters with the healthcare system. Higher prevalence of consistent condom use amongst those previously-diagnosed suggests behavioral change to reduce HIV transmission, a potential benefit of policies to facilitate earlier HIV diagnosis.

Funder

U.S. Department of Defense

Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Publisher

Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Reference29 articles.

1. Improving HIV test uptake and case finding with assisted partner notification services;S Dalal;Aids,2017

2. UNAIDS. World AIDS Day. Available from: https://knowyourstatus.unaids.org/.

3. HIV data and statistics. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hiv/strategic-information/hiv-data-and-statistics.

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3