Validation of the Arabic Maternal postpartum quality of life questionnaire among Lebanese women: A cohort study

Abstract

Background The postpartum period is an important phase in a woman’s life. Yet, there is a paucity of validated instruments that assess maternal postpartum quality of life issues. The aim of this study is to describe the adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life (MAPP-QOL) questionnaire. Methods This instrument validation cohort study tested an adapted Arabic version of the MAPP-QOL questionnaire on a convenience sample of 485 healthy Lebanese postpartum women. The MAPP-QOL reliability and validity were investigated by conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis using Principal Component Analysis, and by correlating the participants’ MAPP-QOL scores with their scores on the Arabic Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale (MBFES-A), age, and education. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to examine how well the original factor structure of MAPP-QOL fits with our observed data using STATA 14. All other statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 23. Results The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the Arabic MAPP-QOL was 0.90. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the following five components: Functioning (11 items, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.82), Socioeconomic (9 items, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81), Relational (9 items, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.75), Psychological (4 items, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.74), and Health (6 items, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.59). The overall Arabic MAPP-QOL score was positively but weakly correlated with the MBFES-A score (r = 0.177, p < 0.001), its Maternal Enjoyment/Role Attainment subscale score (r = 0.108, p = 0.023), and Lifestyle/Body Image subscale score (r = 0.286, p < 0.001). There was no significant association between the type of infant feeding at one month and the Arabic MAPP-QOL score (p = 0.932). Similarly, the Arabic MAPP-QOL score was not correlated with the participant’s age (r = 0.043, p = 0.362) or education (p = 0.451). After modification of indices, Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that the goodness of fit indices corresponding to the 5-factor model in the original questionnaire indicate a reasonable fit with RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.847 and SRMR = 0.062. Conclusions The Arabic MAPP-QOL has good psychometric properties and may be a useful tool for clinicians and researchers interested in measuring maternal postpartum quality of life. Further replication of our findings in other Arab contexts is needed.