Correlates of healthcare-seeking behavior for acute gastroenteritis—United States, October 1, 2016 –September 30, 2017

Abstract

Background In the United States, public health surveillance systems often underestimate the burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) because they only identify disease among those who interact with the healthcare system. Objective To identify factors associated with healthcare-seeking behavior among individuals experiencing community-acquired AGE. Methods From October 2016 –September 2017, we conducted a weekly, age-stratified, random sample of Kaiser Permanente Northwest members located in northwest Oregon and southwest Washington, United States. Individuals who completed the online survey and experienced AGE were included in the analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify predictors of healthcare-seeking behavior. Results Of the 3,894 survey respondents, 395 experienced an AGE episode and were eligible for analysis, of whom, 82 (21%) sought care for their AGE episode. In the final multivariable model, individuals with a concurrent fever (odds ratio [OR]: 4.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.48–9.13), increased diarrhea duration (≥6 days vs 1–4 days, OR: 4.22, 95% CI: 1.78–10.03), or increased vomiting duration (≥3 days vs 1 days, OR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.22–7.26), were significantly more likely to seek healthcare. In the adjusted model, no sociodemographic or chronic disease variables were associated with healthcare-seeking behavior. Conclusion These findings suggest that individuals with a short duration of AGE and those without concurrent fever are underrepresented in healthcare facility-based surveillance systems.