Mouse visual cortex as a limited resource system that self-learns an ecologically-general representation
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Published:2023-10-02
Issue:10
Volume:19
Page:e1011506
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ISSN:1553-7358
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Container-title:PLOS Computational Biology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:PLoS Comput Biol
Author:
Nayebi AranORCID,
Kong Nathan C. L.,
Zhuang Chengxu,
Gardner Justin L.,
Norcia Anthony M.,
Yamins Daniel L. K.
Abstract
Studies of the mouse visual system have revealed a variety of visual brain areas that are thought to support a multitude of behavioral capacities, ranging from stimulus-reward associations, to goal-directed navigation, and object-centric discriminations. However, an overall understanding of the mouse’s visual cortex, and how it supports a range of behaviors, remains unknown. Here, we take a computational approach to help address these questions, providing a high-fidelity quantitative model of mouse visual cortex and identifying key structural and functional principles underlying that model’s success. Structurally, we find that a comparatively shallow network structure with a low-resolution input is optimal for modeling mouse visual cortex. Our main finding is functional—that models trained with task-agnostic, self-supervised objective functions based on the concept of contrastive embeddings are much better matches to mouse cortex, than models trained on supervised objectives or alternative self-supervised methods. This result is very much unlike in primates where prior work showed that the two were roughly equivalent, naturally leading us to ask the question of why these self-supervised objectives are better matches than supervised ones in mouse. To this end, we show that the self-supervised, contrastive objective builds a general-purpose visual representation that enables the system to achieve better transfer on out-of-distribution visual scene understanding and reward-based navigation tasks. Our results suggest that mouse visual cortex is a low-resolution, shallow network that makes best use of the mouse’s limited resources to create a light-weight, general-purpose visual system—in contrast to the deep, high-resolution, and more categorization-dominated visual system of primates.
Funder
K. Lisa Yang Integrative Computational Neuroscience (ICoN) Center at MIT
Stanford University Ric Weiland Graduate Fellowship
Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute and Institute for Human-Centered AI
Stanford Institute for Human Centered Artificial Intelligence.
James S. McDonnell Foundation
Simons Foundation
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
National Science Foundation
Defense Sciences Office, DARPA
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
Computational Theory and Mathematics,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Ecology,Modeling and Simulation,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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