Predicting mitochondrial fission, fusion and depolarisation event locations from a single z-stack

Abstract

This paper documents the development of a novel method to predict the occurrence and exact locations of mitochondrial fission, fusion and depolarisation events in three dimensions. This novel implementation of neural networks to predict these events using information encoded only in the morphology of the mitochondria eliminate the need for time-lapse sequences of cells. The ability to predict these morphological mitochondrial events using a single image can not only democratise research but also revolutionise drug trials. The occurrence and location of these events were successfully predicted with a three-dimensional version of the Pix2Pix generative adversarial network (GAN) as well as a three-dimensional adversarial segmentation network called the Vox2Vox GAN. The Pix2Pix GAN predicted the locations of mitochondrial fission, fusion and depolarisation events with accuracies of 35.9%, 33.2% and 4.90%, respectively. Similarly, the Vox2Vox GAN achieved accuracies of 37.1%, 37.3% and 7.43%. The accuracies achieved by the networks in this paper are too low for the immediate implementation of these tools in life science research. They do however indicate that the networks have modelled the mitochondrial dynamics to some degree of accuracy and may therefore still be helpful as an indication of where events might occur if time lapse sequences are not available. The prediction of these morphological mitochondrial events have, to our knowledge, never been achieved before in literature. The results from this paper can be used as a baseline for the results obtained by future work.