Introduction to the programme guidance for the use of iodised salt in processed foods and its pilot implementation, strengthening strategies to improve iodine status

Abstract

Efforts to achieve optimal iodine intake through salt iodisation have focussed primarily on iodisation of household salt. However, there is strong evidence that in most regions of the world, industrially processed foods and condiments are an increasingly important source of dietary salt. In this context The Iodine Global Network (IGN) and partners developed programme guidance to help national programme managers assess the potential contribution of widely consumed industrially processed foods and condiments to iodine intake. The programme guidance additionally aimed to facilitate better understanding of iodised salt use by the processed food industry, review existing salt iodisation legislation for inclusion of food industry salt, and investigate how regulatory monitoring of food industry practices could be strengthened if needed. To evaluate the utility of the guidance in practice and identify areas where it could be improved, the IGN requested expressions of interest to pilot test implementation. Five pilots were implemented in Kenya, North Macedonia, The Republic of Moldova, Sri Lanka and Thailand, with remote technical support from IGN. The pilots demonstrated how evidence from implementation could be used to strengthen existing salt iodisation initiatives. In particular, how modelling existing processed food intake data enhanced understanding of potential or actual iodised salt intake and provided an evidence base for strategic change, as well as encouraging alignment with salt reduction programmes. In summary, the guidance provided a useful framework for national teams to conduct a relatively rapid assessment of the existing programme for achieving optimal iodine nutrition and opportunities to strengthen it. National teams involved with the pilot implementation were highly engaged and motivated by the outcomes. The pilot implementation process resulted in the development of strategic recommendations nationally and provided invaluable feedback to IGN on the utility of the guidance, facilitating development of an improved version.