Effects of capture on acute and long-term reflex impairment, survival, and health of a deepwater fish: Shortspine thornyhead (Sebastolobus alaskanus)

Abstract

Shortspine thornyhead (Sebastolobus alaskanus) are a benthic, deepwater species in the family Scorpaenidae. They have been tagged annually in Alaska since 1992, but have a low tag return rate of 1.6%. This may be at least partially attributed to post-release mortality related to capture. In this study, 21 shortspine thornyhead were caught on bottom hook-and-line longline gear and immediately given reflex tests. Eighteen were transported to the laboratory and held for 10–42 days, given reflex tests again, and then given postmortem examinations, including histopathology of tissues; three were given postmortem examinations after reflex tests on the vessel. There were no histological findings that could be directly linked to capture and holding; however, there were occurrences of myxozoan (protozoa) and metazoan (nematode) parasites, sometimes associated with minor inflammation. The vibration response reflex was found in only 24% of fish on deck and in 56% of fish after holding in the laboratory. The vestibular-ocular response was present in 47% of fish on deck and 89% of fish in the laboratory. A fish’s ability to right itself was successful on deck in 43% of fish (an additional 19% responded slowly) and 100% in the laboratory. Some reflex impairments may be permanent or may take more than days or weeks to improve. Reflex responses to other tests, the tail grab, gag, and operculum flare, were 95–100% successful on deck and later in the laboratory. A lack of reflexes may increase the risk of predation after release and may affect other behaviors related to survival and productivity.