Abstract
Every 15 minutes in the US, an infant exposed to opioids is born. Approximately 50% of these newborns will develop Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) within 5 days of birth. It is not known which infants will develop NOWS, therefore, the current hospital standard-of-care dictates a 96-hour observational hold. Understanding which infants will develop NOWS soon after birth could reduce hospital stays for infants who do not develop NOWS and decrease burdens on hospitals and clinicians. We propose noninvasive clinical indicators of NOWS, including newborn neurobehavior, autonomic biomarkers, prenatal substance exposures, and socioeconomic environments. The goals of this protocol are to use these indicators shortly after birth to differentiate newborns who will be diagnosed with NOWS from those who will have mild/no withdrawal, to determine if the indicators predict development at 6 and 18 months of age, and to increase NOWS diagnostic sensitivity for earlier, more accurate diagnoses.
Funder
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Reference95 articles.
1. Vital Signs: Prescription Opioid Pain Reliever Use During Pregnancy—34 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2019;J. Y. Ko;Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.,2020
2. Opioid Use in Pregnancy, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, and Childhood Outcomes;for the Opioid Use in Pregnancy, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, and Childhood Outcomes Workshop Invited Speakers;Obstet. Gynecol.,2017
3. Increasing incidence and geographic distribution of neonatal abstinence syndrome: United States 2009 to 2012;S. W. Patrick;J. Perinatol.,2015
4. A Longitudinal Healthcare Use Profile of Children with a History of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome;G. Liu;J. Pediatr.,2019
5. Growth and developmental outcome of infants with in-utero exposure to methadone vs buprenorphine;J. B. Bier;J. Perinatol.,2015