Pre-labor rupture of membranes and associated factors among pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. PROM is found in 3–15% of all pregnancies and 30–40% of preterm labor worldwide. The most serious complications are neonatal and prenatal mortality, which is higher in Africa, including Ethiopia. Despite a paucity of evidence on the magnitude and factors affecting PROM after 28 weeks of gestation but before the onset of labor (including both term and preterm PROM). Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and identify associated factors of the pre-labor rupture of membranes. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 pregnant women from April 10, 2019 to June 30, 2019 at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. The samples were chosen using a systematic random sampling method among admitted pregnant women. The data were entered using EpiData entry version 4.2 and cleaned and analyzed using Stata/SE version 14.0. In binary logistic regressions, variables with a p-value <0.20 are selected for multivariable analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value <0.05 was used to identify associated factors. In this study, the magnitude of PROM was 19%. Maternal monthly income ≤1000 birr [AOR: 3.33 (95%CI: 1.33, 8.33)], gestational age <37weeks [AOR: 3. 28 (95%CI: 1.53, 7.02)], multiple pregnancy [AOR: 4.14 (95%CI: 1.78, 9.62)], polyhydramnios [AOR: 5.06 (95%CI: 2.28, 11.23)] and history of abnormal vaginal discharge [AOR: 6.65 (95%CI: 2.62, 16.72)] were found significant associated factors. In conclusion, the magnitude of the pre-labor rapture of the membranes was higher than in previous studies. Hence, health professionals should strengthen counseling, early diagnosis, and treatment of infections, as well as focus on women with pregnancy-related risks, to reduce pre-labor rupture of membranes and improve fetal and perinatal health.