Effect of a social media-based health education program on postnatal care (PNC) knowledge among pregnant women using smartphones in Dhulikhel hospital: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Introduction Postnatal care services helps in detecting and subsequently managing life threatening complications. With the ubiquitous use of the mobile phone in Nepal, social media based postpartum education has the potential to increase PNC knowledge among pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the effect of social media-based health education program on PNC knowledge among pregnant women attending Dhulikhel hospital, Nepal. Materials and methods We conducted a two-arm open-label randomized controlled trial among literate pregnant women visiting Dhulikhel hospital for ANC check-up from May to August, 2021. A computer-based program allocated 229 pregnant women owning smartphones with internet connectivity in a 1:1 ratio to either intervention (n = 109) or usual care (n = 120). We assessed PNC knowledge in the participants by interviewing in-person or via phone. The intervention group received a 16 minutes video on PNC and the participants were reminded to view the video every week via telephone for a month. Control group received usual care. The primary outcome of the study was change in PNC knowledge score. We utilized intent-to-treat analysis and measured the effect of the intervention on PNC knowledge score using simple linear regression analysis. Results and discussion The mean PNC knowledge score increased by additional 8.07 points among pregnant women in the intervention group compared to the control group (95% CI: 2.35: 13.80; p-value = 0.006). The maternal care attribute knowledge increased by 4.31 points (95% CI: 1.51–7.10, p-value = 0.03) and newborn care attribute knowledge increased by 3.39 points (95% CI: 0.41–6.37, p-value = 0.02) among pregnant women in the intervention compared to the control group. Conclusion A social media-based health education is effective in improving PNC knowledge score among pregnant women. Further research is needed to evaluate if this increased knowledge is translated into the increased utilization of PNC care. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05132608.