Strategies in Preventing the Transmission of Covid-19 a Quarantine, Isolation, Lockdown, Tracing, Testing and Treatment (3T) : Literature review

Abstract

SARS -Cov-2 is the seventh member of the coronavirus family that can infect humans after the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This disease  first occurred in Wuhan, a province in Hubei China. The virus is endemic throughout the world and was categorized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This virus can spread through direct contact, droplets due to coughing or sneezing, and even through air or airborne spreading according to the latest findings. The purpose of this literature review was to conduct a review about the government strategy of various countries in dealing with COVID-19. The method used was a search using PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest databases with the PICO search question development technique based on the " COVID-19" and "Pandemic" and "lockdown" keywords. The results of the literature search found five publications between the years 2010 to 2020 that provided, full text and open access, in addition the results of the literature review confirmed various efforts have been made by the governments in various countries considering the increasing number of sufferers. These could include social distancing and physical distancing, in which some countries even implemented lockdown to prevent the second waves of COVID-19, and specifically in Indonesia which implemented the large-scale social restrictions (LSSR). Based on this literature review findings. This virus can be prevented by regular hand washing, wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as masks and gloves, avoid shaking hands and staying at home.