MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER AND CONDITION OF THE MICROCIRCULATORY BED AFTER EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATION OF CANNABIDIOL OIL

Abstract

Background. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid found in ordinary hemp. There has been a significant increase in the use of CBD in recent years with potential therapeutic effects, however, most of which have been documented in clinical trials and some with questionable results. Of particular concern is the possible risk of hepatotoxicity caused by CBD, therefore, additional experimental studies are needed to research the chronic effects of low doses of CBD, features of pathohistological changes in the liver, with an emphasis on the levels of possible damage to liver vessels, features of hemodynamics, at the level of the microcirculatory bed. Aim: to investigate the histological features of liver changes and the condition of the microcirculatory bed after 4 weeks of experimental application cannabidiol oil. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on white male rats, weighing 180-230 g, aged 5-7 months at the beginning of the experiment. The rats were kept in standard vivarium conditions, the main group consisted of 18 rats, which were given 5 drops (3 mg) of 10% cannabidiol oil daily for 4 weeks in the main feed, 6 rats – the intact group. All experiments were conducted in accordance with international rules for humane treatment of animals. Collection of biological material was carried out after euthanasia using diethyl ether. A histological and immunohistochemical study of the liver and blood vessels was performed to determine the effect of 10% cannabidiol oil. Results. Based on the conducted histological and immunohistochemical research, it was established that the use of 10% CBD oil as a food supplement for 4 weeks did not cause acute or chronic liver damage. No violations of the lobular structure were detected, the histological structure and morphometric parameters of the components of the vascular bed, in particular arterial vessels, portal, venous and lymphatic vessels, sinusoids, bile ducts and cells of the connective tissue stroma of the liver, did not differ from the control group. Conclusion. Given the lack of adverse effects after four weeks use of 10% CBD oil on the parenchymal and stromal components of the liver, more research is needed of other time points to determine possible adverse effects on the liver, assess risk factors, and outcomes to potentially determine optimal human medical drugs with CBD oil use.