A comprehensive study on the infectivity of $Galba truncatula$ (O.F. Müller, 1774), an intermediate host of Fasciola sp. reported in Diyarbakır hospitals

Abstract

This study aims to comprehensively investigate the trematode infection in $Galba truncatula$(O. F. Müller, 1774) a widely distributed intermediate host in the Dicle River, following the previously reporting of Fascioliasis cases in Diyarbakır hospitals. While previous literature has documented the presence of $F. hepatica$ and $F. gigantica$ in individuals treated in Diyarbakır hospitals, the origin of the trematodes remains unspecified. In this study, G. truncatula samples were collected from three densely populated areas along the Dicle River, specifically Hevsel Gardens, and subjected to histopathological examination to determine the parasite's infectivity. The analysis revealed that the snails were not infected with trematodes; however, the presence of the host and its wide dispersion in the Dicle River pose a significant risk of disease in the future. Hevsel Gardens, a location where sewage and wastewater from the northern suburbs of Diyarbakır converge with the river, is extensively used for activities that involve direct contact with G. $truncatula$. These activities include vegetable cultivation, fishing, farming, husbandry, and swimming, and pose an escalating risk of potential contagion. The study acknowledges the undetermined source of the parasite but highlights its preliminary nature, emphasizing the urgency of proactive measures. The findings will enhance our understanding of the health risks linked to G. $truncatula$ and underscore the significance of implementing effective control measures in a timely manner.