Cytotoxicity of HA-TCP Scaffold on Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells using MTT Assay

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) scaffold is a three-dimensional structure used to support bone regeneration. Ideally, the scaffold should be biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic. The tissue engineering technique uses a combined stem cell and scaffold to repair the bone defect. To prove the non-toxic properties of the scaffold, a cytotoxicity test is needed for the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (HUCMSCs). In this study, 27 samples were divided into eight groups with a variant of scaffold HA-TCP doses ranging from 5–1000 µg. Each treatment group of scaffolds was covered in HUCMSCs. The samples were added by methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay, counted using an optical density (OD) formula, and observed by a microplate reader. The viability of the cells was observed by an inverted TMS microscope with 100x magnification. The MTT assay’s test shows that the HUCMSCs cell viability shed each variant of HA-TCP scaffold dose, did not show any toxic effect. The higher the OD value, the higher the viability. It has been found that there is no significant difference between the variable scaffold doses to the percentage viability of umbilical cord cells.