ISLAMIC PARTIES BETWEEN PRAGMATISM VS. IDEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE: THE CASE OF 2017 JAKARTA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION

Abstract

Purpose: This article seeks to analyze how Islamic parties act in the event of electoral competition filled by religious issues. On the other side, this article also tries to show the electoral impact of each Islamic parties’ decision on the candidates. Methodology: The study conducted through the interview with several Islamic parties’ figures and examining the exit poll survey. Result: The result reveals that even though there was a sensitive issue, the decision of Islamic parties was not solely stirred by the constituent expectation. Other factors such as elites and the organization’s interests were also influenced the decision-making process. However, the impact of its decision on electability indicates that religious issue was prominent, except for PAN. PKB and PPP that support Ahok-Djarot tend to have lessened rate, while PKS got higher electability. The case of Jakarta shows that the constituent principle or ideological is still significant if there are sensitive religious issues. In cases where religious issues have an outburst of support from the roots of the masses, Islamic parties are likely to benefit as long as there is a strong bond between the party's decision and its supporting root militancy. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: The 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election was highlighted by the issue of Islam blasphemy by Ahok, the powerful candidate. The issue became a national concern and invited thousands of protesters from various Islamic groups to Jakarta. Interestingly, not all Islamic parties against Ahok. In the final round, PKB and PPP chose to back Ahok-Djarot while PKS and PAN supported Anis-Sandi, a favorable candidate to them who feel disrupt by Ahok.