A systematic literature review of the enabling environment elements to improve implementation of water safety plans in high-income countries

Author:

Baum Rachel1,Bartram Jamie1

Affiliation:

1. The Water Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA

Abstract

Abstract Effective risk management helps ensure safe drinking water and protect public health. Even in high-income countries, risk management sometimes fails and waterborne disease, including outbreaks, occur. To help reduce waterborne disease, the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality recommend water safety plans (WSPs), a systematic preventive risk management strategy applied from catchment to consumer. Since the introduction of WSPs, international guidelines, national and state legislation, and local practices have facilitated their implementation. While various high-income OECD countries have documented successes in improving drinking water safety through implementing WSPs, others have little experience. This review synthesizes the elements of the enabling environment that promoted the implementation of WSPs in high-income countries. We show that guidelines, regulations, tools and resources, public health support, and context-specific evidence of the feasibility and benefits of WSPs are elements of the enabling environment that encourage adoption and implementation of WSPs in high-income countries. These findings contribute to understanding the ways in which to increase the uptake and extent of WSPs throughout high-income countries to help improve public health.

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology

Reference63 articles.

1. Rethinking sustainability, scaling up, and enabling environment: a framework for their implementation in drinking water supply;Water,2015

2. Australia National Health and Medical Research Council 2004 Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 6, Version 3.3. Commonwealth of Australia. Available at: https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/eh34_adwg_11_06.pdf (accessed 20 June 2017).

3. An examination of the potential added value of water safety plans to the United States drinking water legislation;Intl J. Hyg. Environ. Health,2015

4. Vivendi Water: Application of HACCP Principles in Drinking Water,2003

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