Prevalence and public health implications of mycotoxigenic fungi in treated drinking water systems

Author:

Mhlongo Ntombie Thandazile1,Tekere Memory1,Sibanda Timothy2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, P.O. Box X6, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa

2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia

Abstract

Abstract Insufficient potable water resources and poorly treated drinking water quality are the world's number one cause for preventable morbidity and mortality from water-related pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogenic microorganisms, including mycotoxigenic fungi, have been identified in treated drinking water. This paper presents a review of mycotoxigenic fungi as a health risk to the public as these fungi are responsible for allergies, cancers and opportunistic infections mainly to immunocompromised patients. The exacerbating factors contributing to fungal presence in water distribution systems, factors that lead to fungi being resistant to water treatment and treated drinking water quality legislations are also discussed. This paper provides a review on the prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi and their implications to public health in treated drinking water, and the need for inclusion in treated drinking water quality regulations.

Funder

Water Research Commission

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology

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