An Alternative Approach to the Design of Waste Stabilization Ponds

Abstract

Waste stabilization ponds are frequently used for reducing the bacterial concentration of wastewaters. An examination of their performance suggests that they are inefficient in removal due to a combination of mixing and the presence of organic compounds which reduce die-off rates. An alternative approach to design is suggested which emphasises organic removal by nethane production followed by light-induced die-off in an alqal free aerobic pond.