Anaerobic and Aerobic Submerged Bio-Filter System for Small Scale On-Site Domestic Sewage Treatment

Abstract

In order to prevent water pollution and satisfy the demands for flush toilets in regions where a public sewerage system has not been in service, some on-site small scale domestic wastewater treatment processes called GAPPEI JOHKASOU have been developed to treat black water and gray water together in an individual house. Prior to its technical development, the characteristics of wastewater discharged from individual houses should be measured. The possibility of application of anaerobic filter is examined for processing organic wastewater at low concentration like in domestic wastewater, and an anaerobic filteris successfully developed to lengthen the sludge removal interval, since the flow rate of wastewater from individual houses is characterized by a large variation. It is difficult to serve the centralized treatment systems in many regions. Thus, a small GAPPEI JOHKASOU has been developed and propagated for by individual houses in such regions.