Affiliation:
1. Water Research & Pollution Control Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
2. Analysis & Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, 1 Ahmed El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Abstract
This study presents an extensive evaluation of a full-scale sewage treatment system in a remote area with a population of 9,000 equivalents in Egypt. The present achievement can be implemented in several arid and semi-arid areas. Previously, this treatment system was heavily destroyed during the turmoil and became completely out of operation. Presently, the capacity of the treatment system increased from 345.5 to 648 m3/d. The present rehabilitation, upgrading, and optimizing consisted of rebuilding the main construction system, addition of chemical coagulation/sedimentation, Gravel Bed Hydroponic Wetland (GBHW) followed by waste maturation pond at a surface area of 784 m2. Results indicated that the overall removal of the pollution parameters namely: turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and oil and grease were excellent (ranged between 96.9 to 99%). Further improvement was achieved by employing the maturation pond. In addition, successful removal of the nutrients elements in the final treated effluent reached 83.4% for total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), 99.3% for ammonia-nitrogen, 63.4% for organic nitrogen, and 59.8% for total phosphorous (TP). The pathogen removal was excellent, namely: faecal coliform and E.coli, where the overall removal reached 100% each (more than ten and six orders of magnitude). Meanwhile, the number of cells or eggs of Nimatoda (count/L) in the raw wastewater was also 100% removed in the final treated effluent.
Funder
Science and Technology Development Fund
Subject
Water Science and Technology
Reference44 articles.
1. Efficiency of degreasing/settling tank followed by constructed wetland for greywater treatment;Abdel-Shafy;Egyptian Journal of Chemistry,2014
2. Constructed wetlands for urban wastewater treatment in Egypt;Abdel-Shafy;Journal of Sustainable Sanitation Practice,2012
3. Integration of septic tank and constructed wetland for the treatment of wastewater in Egypt
4. Fate of heavy metals in selective vegetable plants irrigated with primary treated sewage water at slightly alkaline medium;Abdel-Shafy;Egyptian Journal of Chemistry,2019
5. Phytoremediation for the elimination of metals, pesticides, PAHs, and other pollutants from wastewater and soil;Abdel-Shafy,2018
Cited by
7 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献