The impact of metal transport processes on bioavailability of free and complex metal ions in methanogenic granular sludge

Author:

Bartacek Jan12,Fermoso Fernando G.3,Vergeldt Frank4,Gerkema Edo4,Maca Josef2,van As Henk4,Lens Piet N. L.1

Affiliation:

1. Pollution Prevention and Control Care, UNESCO-IHE, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands

2. Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic

3. Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands and Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Avda. Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Sevilla, Spain

4. Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Laboratory of Biophysics and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands

Abstract

Bioavailability of metals in anaerobic granular sludge has been extensively studied, because it can have a major effect on metal limitation and metal toxicity to microorganisms present in the sludge. Bioavailability of metals can be manipulated by bonding to complexing molecules such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) or diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA). It has been shown that although the stimulating effect of the complexed metal species (e.g. [CoEDTA]2−) is very fast, it is not sustainable when applied to metal-limited continuously operated reactors. The present paper describes transport phenomena taking place inside single methanogenic granules when the granules are exposed to various metal species. This was done using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI results were subsequently related to technological observations such as changes in methanogenic activity upon cobalt injection into cobalt-limited up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors. It was shown that transport of complexed metal species is fast (minutes to tens of minutes) and complexed metal can therefore quickly reach the entire volume of the granule. Free metal species tend to interact with the granular matrix resulting in slower transport (tens of minutes to hours) but higher final metal concentrations.

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Water Science and Technology,Environmental Engineering

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