A state-of-art review on the sustainable technologies for cadmium removal from wastewater

Author:

Hamid Nur Hafizah Ab1,Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas1234ORCID,Nordin Abu Hassan5,Husna Siti Muhamad Nur6,Faiz Norrrahim Mohd Nor7,Knight Victor Feizal7,Tahir Muhamad Iqbal Hakim Mohd1,Li Gan Xin1,Quan Tan Lin1,Abdullah Abdirashid Mohamed1,Azwa Nuh Farhan Tajul1,Asyraf Muhammad Rizal Muhammad28

Affiliation:

1. a Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia

2. b Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia

3. c Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia

4. d Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis 02600, Malaysia

5. e Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau, Perlis 02600, Malaysia

6. f Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

7. g Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Defence Research Institute (DRI), Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia

8. h Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cadmium pollution in wastewater has long become a daunting issue due to the rapid development of industries and modern technologies. As the exposure to cadmium has a significant effect on human health, it is crucial to treat wastewater contaminated with cadmium. This review aims to discuss and compare different treatments for cadmium in wastewater such as precipitation, coagulation, flotation, membrane filtration, biosorption, and carbon-based nanosorbent. The advances in the development of the current treatments of cadmium in wastewater represent some of the most significant milestones in the treatment strategies with most treatments showing almost complete removal of cadmium wastewater and promising reusability. However, it still possesses certain limitations which are further elaborated in this review to give insights into the future development of better treatments. Finally, a future direction to address the issue of cadmium pollution was presented to pave the way for the development of more eco-friendly treatments.

Funder

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia

Kurita Water and Environment Foundation

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Reference175 articles.

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