Affiliation:
1. a Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
2. b School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
3. c Bacterial, Parasitic and Zoonotic Diseases Research Directorate, EPHI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Abstract
Abstract
Cryptosporidium, Shigella, toxin-producing Escherichia coli, and rotavirus were reported to be the most responsible for severe and fatal diarrhea among infants. This study aimed to investigate the presence of these pathogens in infants' drinking water samples and analyzing using water quality determinants in eastern Ethiopia. A molecular (LAMP)-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 410 and 37 water samples were tested from infant point-of-use at household and corresponding water source, respectively, from June 2020 to May, 2021. Cryptosporidium, Shigella, toxin-producing E. coli, and rotavirus were detected in 28.5, 30.0, 26.3, and 32.2%, of water samples tested from infant point-of-use, respectively. About 13.2% of the water samples were positive for all (four) pathogens together. Cryptosporidium, Shigella, toxin-producing E. coli, and rotavirus were detected in 27.0, 32.4, 29.7, and 37.8%, of water samples tested from water sources, respectively. Positive significant correlation was observed between infant point-of-consumption and water sources from which it is drawn toward the presence of each targeted pathogen. Unimproved water source showed a strong significant association with the presence of Cryptosporidium, Shigella and toxin-producing E. coli. Therefore, efforts should be made in development of improved water sources, source protection safety and health education to caretakers of infants.
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology
Reference100 articles.
1. Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus and enterovirus in water samples collected from different region of Peshawar, Pakistan
2. Bacteriological quality and occurrence of cryptosporidium and giardia from sources to household water samples of the rural communities of Dire Dawa Administrative Council, Eastern Ethiopia;Amenu;International Journal of Bacteriology Research,2013
3. Environmental aspects of cryptosporidium;Armon;Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research,2016
4. High enteric bacterial contamination of drinking water in Jigjiga city, Eastern Ethiopia;Asfaw;Ethiopian Journal of Health Development,2016
5. Presence, Viability and Determinants of Cryptosporidium Oocysts and Giardia Cysts in the Addis Ababa Water Supply and Distribution System