Antibiotic resistance profiles of sentinel bacteria isolated from aquaculture in Cambodia

Author:

Peng Chanthol1ORCID,Moniroth Sopheavattey1,Khy Panha1,Chea Sopheaktra1,Thanh Channmuny1,Heng Oudam1,Sarter Samira2,Cheng Sokleaph3,Caruso Domenico4

Affiliation:

1. a Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O Box 86, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

2. b ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France

3. c Bacteriology and Antibiotic resistance group, Medical Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

4. d ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France

Abstract

ABSTRACT The misuse of antibiotics and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a concern in the aquaculture industry because it contributes to global health risks and impacts the environment. This study analyzed the AMR of sentinel bacteria associated with striped catfish (Pangasisanodon hypophthalmus) and giant snakehead (Channa micropeltes), the two main fish species reared in the pond culture in Cambodia. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the recovered isolates from fish, water, and sediment samples revealed the presence of bacteria, such as 22 species belonging to families Aeromonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae. Among 48 isolates, Aeromonas caviae (n = 2), Aeromonas hydrophila (n = 2), Aeromonas ichthiosmia (n = 1), Aeromonas salmonicida (n = 4) were detected. A. salmonicida and A. hydrophilla are known as fish pathogens that occur worldwide in both fresh and marine water aquaculture. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed antibiotic resistance patterns of 24 (50 %) isolates among 48 isolates with higher multiple antibiotic resistance index (> 0.2). All the isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is a frontline antibiotic that is not recommended to use in aquaculture. Therefore, its use has to be strictly controlled. This study expands our knowledge of the AMR status in aquaculture farms which is very limited in Cambodia.

Funder

AQUACAM-FSPI

Publisher

IWA Publishing

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